[citation needed] By saturating the body with a source of stable iodide prior to exposure, inhaled or ingested 131I tends to be excreted, which prevents radioiodine uptake by the thyroid. The ions are atoms that have gained one or more electrons (known as anions, which are negatively charged) and atoms that have lost one or more electrons (known as cations, which are positively charged). Kowalsky RJ, Falen, SW. Radiopharmaceuticals in Nuclear Pharmacy and Nuclear Medicine. Some people equate "ionic" with the structure, instead "ionic" should be referring to the bonding. Potassium iodide can be oxidized into an I2 molecule by introducing an oxidizing agent to it. Ionic bonds form between two atoms that have different electronegativity values.Because the ability to attract electrons is so different between the atoms, it's like one atom donates its electron to the other atom in the chemical bond. U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved dosing of potassium iodide for this purpose with iobenguane, is as follows (per 24 hours): infants less than 1 month old, 16 mg; children 1 month to 3 years, 32 mg; children 3 years to 18 years, 65 mg; adults 130 mg.[14] However, some sources recommend alternative dosing regimens. Unlike I2, I3− salts can be highly water-soluble. Due to its high potassium content, SSKI is extremely bitter, and if possible it is administered in a sugar cube or small ball of bread. 5th Edition. Potassium Iodide is the chemical name for the molecular formula KI. Neonates ideally should receive the lowest dose (16 mg) of KI. KI potassium iodide KBr potassium bromide There are many ionic compounds. It reacts readily with any oxidizer, including oxidizing acids such as sulfuric and nitric. Catalase is organic compound and is covalent molecule. Potassium iodide is a chemical compound, medication, and dietary supplement. Tablets of potassium iodide are supplied for emergency purposes related to blockade of radioiodine uptake, a common form of radiation poisoning due to environmental contamination by the short-lived fission product 131I. In all these cases however, despite the risks, the prophylaxis benefits of intervention with iodide, iodate or perchlorate outweigh the serious cancer risk from radioiodine bioaccumulation in regions where radioiodine has sufficiently contaminated the environment. The phase diagram of the KI+AgI system has been redetermined. "[17], With the passage of time, people living in irradiated areas where KI was not available have developed thyroid cancer at epidemic levels, which is why the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported "The data clearly demonstrate the risks of thyroid radiation... KI can be used [to] provide safe and effective protection against thyroid cancer caused by irradiation. [4] Potassium iodide has the chemical formula KI. Reports differ concerning whether people in the areas immediately surrounding Chernobyl itself were given the supplement.,[39][17] however the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reported, "thousands of measurements of I-131 (radioactive iodine) activity...suggest that the observed levels were lower than would have been expected had this prophylactic measure not been taken. Lead(II) nitrate reacts with potassium iodide in solution to produce the spectator species potassium nitrate, and a bright-yellow lead(II) iodide precipitate. The product is the ionic compound, sodium chloride. Potassium iodide is a metal-halide salt featuring an ionic bond between the potassium cation (K+) and the iodide anion (I–). Question = Is ICl3 polar or nonpolar ? The Swedish manufacturing facility for Thyrosafe, a half-strength potassium iodide tablet for thyroid protection from radiation, was mentioned on the secret US 2008 Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative leaked by Wikileaks in 2010.[50]. See more » Sodium iodide. That means it is a metal. It absorbs water less readily than sodium iodide, making it easier to work with. Potassium Iodide is a white, odorless chemical compound made up of 76% iodine and 23% potassium. Since there is a tendency to gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable state we get the formula KI. It is an ionic compound and each potassium ion has a charge of +1, while each iodine ion has a charge of -1. Potassium iodide (KI) is a white crystalline compound used in photography and medicine and as a reagent in chemical analysis.It is also added to table salt to prevent goiter and other iodide-deficiency disorders. Tools. Aqueous KI3, "Lugol's solution", is used as a disinfectant and as an etchant for gold surfaces. "[25], SSKI (i.e., the "saturated solution of KI" rather than tablets) may be used in radioiodine-contamination emergencies (i.e., nuclear accidents) to "block" the thyroid's uptake of radioiodine, at a dose of two drops of SSKI per day for an adult. It is an ionic compound which is produced industrially by treating potassium hydroxide (KOH) with iodine. It is used to avoid the loss of iodine due to oxidation from salts. [22] A likely lethal dose of salt (more than a kilogram[23]) would be needed to equal the potassium iodide in one tablet. It is used as an expectorant to break up the mucus so the patient can breathe easily. Potassium iodide is a very strong reducing agent. However, in the event of a radioiodine release too massive and widespread to be controlled by the limited stock of iodide and iodate prophylaxis drugs, then the addition of perchlorate ions to the water supply, or distribution of perchlorate tablets would serve as a cheap, efficacious, second line of defense against carcinogenic radioiodine bioaccumulation. [citation needed], There is reason for caution with prescribing the ingestion of high doses of potassium iodide and iodate, as their unnecessary use can cause conditions such as the Jod-Basedow phenomena, trigger and/or worsen hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, and then cause temporary or even permanent thyroid conditions. According to one 2000 study "KI administered up to 48 h before 131I exposure can almost completely block thyroid uptake and therefore greatly reduce the thyroid absorbed dose. Potassium iodide is an ionic compound which is made of the following ions: K I . but for such an open question you can take any combination of a group 1 element and combine it with any group 7 I. Potassium and oxygen combine together to form an ionic compound … Potassium-iodide-unit-cell-3D-ionic.png 1,100 × 1,093; 347 KB Reacción de yoduro de potasio con plomo.png 260 × 192; 88 KB Sandmeyer KI Kette.png 3,661 × 1,349; 49 KB [4] In the developing world it is also used to treat skin sporotrichosis and phycomycosis. All of these doses should be compared with the far lower dose of iodine needed in normal nutrition, which is only 150 μg per day (150 micrograms, not milligrams). "[20] Consequently, far more people than anticipated were affected by the radiation, which caused the United Nations to report in 2002 that "The number of people with thyroid cancer... has exceeded expectations. "[20], The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services restated these two years later as "The downward KI (potassium iodide) dose adjustment by age group, based on body size considerations, adheres to the principle of minimum effective dose. Over 11,000 cases have already been reported. Chemical properties . Binary Ionic Compounds. ii) The cation, aluminum ion, is: Al 3+ (if you forget the charge of the aluminum ion, look up the position of Al in the periodic chart). However, since they may be ultimately metabolized or break down to radioactive iodide, it is common to administer non-radioactive potassium iodide to ensure that iodide from these radiopharmaceuticals is not sequestered by the normal affinity of the thyroid for iodide. If your stomach starts to get upset (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or diarrhea), consult with your doctor. This compound is used as an iodide source in several organic synthesis reactions. 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